What do we refer to as the protective outer layer of the skin?

The protective outer layer of the skin is known as the epidermis. This layer serves several vital functions, including acting as a barrier to protect underlying tissues by preventing the entry of pathogens, chemical irritants, and physical abrasions. The epidermis is predominantly composed of keratinocytes, which produce keratin, a protein that contributes to the skin's strength and waterproofing ability.

The epidermis also plays a crucial role in regulating the loss of moisture from the body, helping to maintain hydration and overall skin integrity. Additionally, it contains melanocytes that produce melanin, the pigment responsible for skin color and protection against UV radiation.

Understanding the structure and function of the epidermis is essential for estheticians, as it informs their approach to skin care treatments and product selection, ensuring they enhance skin health while respecting its natural barrier properties.